Kī tonu te ao i ngā takai kanapa, i ngā pounamu whakapaipai, i ngā peihana hua me te maha atu, engari he maha o ēnei he mea hanga ki ngā rauemi paitini, kāore e ora tonu ai, e whai wāhi ana ki te parahanga kirihou.
Nō nā tata nei, kua kitea e ngā kairangahau i Te Whare Wānanga o Cambridge i te UK tētahi huarahi hei hanga i te kanapa pumau, kore-paitini, me te pirau mai i te cellulose, te poraka hanga matua o ngā pakitara pūtau o ngā tipu, ngā hua me ngā huawhenua. I whakaputaina ngā tuhinga e pā ana ki roto i te puka Nature Materials i te 11 o ngā rā.
He mea hanga tēnei kanapa mai i ngā nanocrystals cellulose, ā, ka whakamahia e ia te tae hanganga hei whakarerekē i te māramatanga kia puta ai he tae kanapa. Hei tauira, i roto i te taiao, ko ngā kanapa o ngā parirau pūrerehua me ngā huruhuru pīkoka he tino mahi toi o te tae hanganga, e kore e memeha i muri i te rautau.
Mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakakotahi-ā-koe, ka taea e te cellulose te whakaputa kiriata kanapa, e ai ki ngā kairangahau. Mā te arotau i te otinga cellulose me ngā tawhā paninga, i taea e te tīma rangahau te whakahaere katoa i te tukanga whakakotahi-ā-koe, ā, ka taea te whakaputa papatipu i te rauemi i roto i ngā rōra. He hototahi tā rātou tukanga ki ngā mīhini tauine ahumahi o nāianei. Mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi cellulose e wātea ana i te hokohoko, he torutoru noa ngā hikoinga hei huri ki te whakatārewatanga kei roto tēnei kanapa.
I muri i te whakaputanga o ngā kiriata cellulose i runga i te tauine nui, ka hurihia e ngā kairangahau kia rite ki ngā matūriki te rahi hei hanga kanapa, hei hanga tae pānga rānei. He pirau ngā pirepire, kāore he kirihou, ā, kāore he paitini. Hei tāpiri, he iti ake te kaha e hiahiatia ana i roto i te tukanga i ngā tikanga tuku iho.
Ka taea te whakamahi i ā rātou rauemi hei whakakapi i ngā matūriki kanapa kirihou me ngā tae kohuke ririki e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā mea whakapaipai. Ko ngā tae tuku iho, pērā i ngā paura kanapa e whakamahia ana i ia rā, he rauemi kāore e taea te pupuri, ā, ka whakapokea te oneone me ngā moana. I te nuinga o te wā, me whakamahana ngā kohuke tae ki te pāmahana teitei o te 800°C kia puta ai he matūriki tae, kāore hoki e pai mō te taiao.
Ka taea te hanga i te kiriata nanocrystal cellulose i whakaritea e te tīma i runga i te tauine nui mā te whakamahi i te tukanga "roll-to-roll", pērā i te pepa e hangaia ana mai i te penupenu rakau, ā, ko te wā tuatahi tēnei hei hanga ahumahi mō tēnei rauemi.
I Ūropi, e 5,500 tāne o ngā kirihou moroiti e whakamahia ana e te umanga whakapaipai i ia tau. I kī te kaituhi matua o te pepa, a Ahorangi Silvia Vignolini, nō te Tari Matū o Yusuf Hamid i Te Whare Wānanga o Cambridge, e whakapono ana rātou ka taea e te hua te huri i te umanga whakapaipai.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 22-2022