Ngā Pūrongo Ahumahi
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He aha ngā āhuatanga o te Polypropylene (PP)?
Ko ētahi o ngā āhuatanga tino nui o te polypropylene ko: 1. Ātete Matū: Kāore e tere te tauhohe o ngā turanga me ngā waikawa kua waimeha ki te polypropylene, ā, he pai tēnei mō ngā ipu wai pēnei, pērā i ngā kai horoi, ngā hua āwhina tuatahi, me ētahi atu. 2. Ngāwari me te Pakari: Ka mahi te Polypropylene me te ngāwari i runga i tētahi whānuitanga o te piko (pērā i ngā rauemi katoa), engari ka pāngia hoki e te whakarerekētanga kirihou i te tīmatanga o te tukanga whakarerekētanga, nō reira e kiia ana he rauemi "pakari". Ko te pakari he kupu hangarau e tautuhia ana ko te kaha o te rauemi ki te whakarerekē (kirihou, ehara i te ngāwari) me te kore e pakaru. 3. Ātete Ngenge: Ka mau tonu te āhua o te Polypropylene i muri i te maha o ngā takahuri, te piko, me/te piko rānei. Ko tēnei āhuatanga he... -
Ka pehia kinotia ngā raraunga hoko whenua, ā, ka whakamāramahia te PVC.
I te Rāhina, i haere tonu te puhoi o ngā raraunga hoko whenua, ā, he pānga kino nui tēnei ki ngā tumanakohanga tono. I te katinga, i heke te kirimana PVC matua neke atu i te 2%. I te wiki kua taha ake nei, i iti iho ngā raraunga CPI o US i te marama o Hūrae i te mea i tumanakohia, ā, i piki ake ai te hiahia mōrearea o ngā kaipupuri moni. I taua wā anō, i whakaarohia ka pai ake te tono mō te koura, te hiriwa e iwa me te tekau ngā wā tihi, ā, i tautoko i ngā utu. Heoi anō, kei te ruarua te mākete mō te pumau o te taha tono. Ko te pikinga i kawea mai e te whakaoranga o te tono ā-rohe i roto i te wā waenga me te wā roa, kāore pea e taea te whakakore i te pikinga i kawea mai e te whakaoranga o te tuku me te hekenga o te tono i kawea mai e te tono o waho i raro i te pēhanga o te hokinga whakamuri. Ā muri ake nei, ka arahi pea tēnei ki te hokinga mai o ngā utu taonga, ā, ka... -
I tono tūao a Sinopec, PetroChina me ētahi atu kia tangohia atu i te rārangi hea o US!
Whai muri i te tangohanga o CNOOC i te New York Stock Exchange, ko te purongo hou ko te ahiahi o te 12 o Ākuhata, i whakaputa panuitanga a PetroChina me Sinopec e whakaaro ana rātou ki te tango i ngā hea penapena o Amerika i te New York Stock Exchange. Hei tāpiri, kua whakaputa panuitanga hoki a Sinopec Shanghai Petrochemical, China Life Insurance, me Aluminum Corporation of China e kī ana kei te hiahia rātou ki te tango i ngā hea penapena o Amerika i te New York Stock Exchange. E ai ki ngā panuitanga a te kamupene e pā ana, kua tino piri ēnei kamupene ki ngā ture mākete whakapaipai o Amerika me ngā whakaritenga ture mai i te wā i tūmatanui ai rātou ki te United States, ā, ko ngā kōwhiringa tangohanga i puta mai i ō rātou ake whakaaro pakihi. -
Kua whakarewahia te miro PHA tuatahi o te ao!
I te 23 o Mei, i whakarewahia e te waitohu miro niho o Amerika, a Plackers®, te EcoChoice Compostable Floss, he miro niho pumau ka pirau 100% i roto i te taiao wairākau kāinga. Nō Danimer Scientific's PHA te EcoChoice Compostable Floss, he biopolymer i ahu mai i te hinu canola, te miro hiraka tūturu me te kiri kokonati. Ka tautokohia e te miro wairākau hou te putea niho pumau a EcoChoice. Ehara i te mea ka whakaratohia e rātou te hiahia mō te miro niho anake, engari ka whakaitihia hoki te tūponotanga o te haere o ngā kirihou ki ngā moana me ngā ururua whenua. -
He Tātaritanga mō te Āhua Whanaketanga o te Ahumahi PVC i Amerika Te Raki.
Ko Amerika Te Raki te tuarua o ngā rohe hanga PVC nui rawa atu o te ao. I te tau 2020, ka eke te hanga PVC ki te 7.16 miriona tana, arā, 16% o te hanga PVC o te ao. I ngā rā kei te heke mai, ka piki tonu te hanga PVC ki Amerika Te Raki. Ko Amerika Te Raki te kaihoko PVC nui rawa atu o te ao, arā, 33% o te hokohoko kaweake PVC o te ao. Nā te nui o te tuku i Amerika Te Raki, kāore e nui te pikinga o te rahinga kawemai i ngā rā kei te heke mai. I te tau 2020, ko te whakamahinga o te PVC ki Amerika Te Raki e tata ana ki te 5.11 miriona tana, ā, tata ki te 82% o ēnei kei te United States. Ko te whakamahinga PVC o Amerika Te Raki te nuinga o te wā i ahu mai i te whanaketanga o te mākete hanga. -
He aha te whakamahinga o te HDPE?
E whakamahia ana te HDPE i roto i ngā hua me ngā takai pēnei i ngā ipu miraka, ngā pounamu hopi horoi, ngā ipu pata, ngā ipu para me ngā paipa wai. I roto i ngā ngongo rerekē te roa, e whakamahia ana te HDPE hei whakakapi mō ngā ngongo moata kātene kua tukuna mō ngā take matua e rua. Tuatahi, he nui ake te haumaru i ngā ngongo kātene kua tukuna nā te mea mēnā ka hē te anga ka pahū i roto i te ngongo HDPE, e kore te ngongo e pakaru. Ko te take tuarua he mea ka taea te whakamahi anō, ā, ka taea e ngā kaihoahoa te hanga i ngā whata moata pupuhi maha. Kāore ngā tohunga ahi e whakahē i te whakamahinga o ngā ngongo PVC i roto i ngā ngongo moata nā te mea ka pakaru pea, ka tukuna he maramara kirihou ki ngā kaimātakitaki pea, ā, e kore e puta i roto i ngā hihi-X. -
Ka noho ko te kāri matomato PLA hei otinga rongonui mō te umanga pūtea.
He nui rawa te kirihou e hiahiatia ana hei hanga kāri peeke i ia tau, ā, i te tipu haere o ngā āwangawanga taiao, kua whakawhanakehia e Thales, he kaiārahi i roto i te haumarutanga hangarau teitei, tētahi otinga. Hei tauira, he kāri i hangaia mai i te 85% waikawa polylactic (PLA), i ahu mai i te kānga; ko tētahi atu huarahi auaha ko te whakamahi i te kiko mai i ngā mahi horoi takutai mā te mahi tahi me te rōpū taiao Parley for the Oceans. Para kirihou i kohia – "Ocean Plastic®" hei rauemi mata auaha mō te hanga kāri; he kōwhiringa anō hoki mō ngā kāri PVC hangarua i hangaia katoatia mai i te kirihou para mai i te umanga tākai me te tā hei whakaiti i te whakamahinga o te kirihou hou. -
He tātaritanga poto mō ngā raraunga kawemai me te kaweake kapia pvc whakapiri a Haina mai i Hānuere ki Hune.
Mai i Hānuere ki Hune 2022, i kawemai tōku whenua i te katoa o te 37,600 tāne o te kapia whakapiri, he hekenga 23% i whakaritea ki te wā kotahi o te tau kua hipa, ā, i kaweake i te katoa o te 46,800 tāne o te kapia whakapiri, he pikinga 53.16% i whakaritea ki te wā kotahi o te tau kua hipa. I te haurua tuatahi o te tau, haunga ngā umanga takitahi i kati mō te tiaki, i noho tonu te kawenga mahi a te wheketere kapia whakapiri ā-rohe ki te taumata teitei, i rawaka te tuku taonga, ā, i haere tonu te hekenga o te mākete. I kaha te rapu a ngā kaihanga i ngā ota kaweake hei whakamama i ngā pakanga mākete ā-rohe, ā, i tino piki ake te nui o te kaweake. -
Me pēhea te mōhio mēnā he polypropylene te kirihou?
Ko tētahi o ngā huarahi māmā ki te whakahaere i te whakamātautau mura ko te tapahi i tētahi tauira mai i te kirihou ka tahuna ki roto i te kāpata paowa. Mā te tae o te mura, te kakara me ngā āhuatanga o te tahunga ka taea te tohu i te momo kirihou: 1. Polyethylene (PE) – He maturuturu, he kakara rite ki te ware pi; 2. Polypropylene (PP) – He maturuturu, he kakara nui o te hinu miihini paru me ngā atarangi o te ware pi; 3. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA, “Perspex”) – He mirumiru, he pakū, he kakara reka; 4. Polyamide, “Nylon” rānei (PA) – He mura pungarehu, he kakara o te marigold; 5. Acrylonitrilebutadienestyrene (ABS) – Kāore i te mārama, he mura pungarehu, he kakara o te marigold; 6. Pahuka Polyethylene (PE) – He maturuturu, he kakara o te ware pi -
Ka whakarewahia e Mars M Beans he takai pepa PLA pirau-koiora ki Haina.
I te tau 2022, i whakarewahia e Mars te tiakarete M&M's tuatahi kua takaihia ki roto i te pepa hiato pirau i Haina. He mea hanga ki ngā rauemi pirau pēnei i te pepa me te PLA, hei whakakapi i ngā takai kirihou ngohengohe tuku iho o mua. Kua paahitia e te takai te GB/T. Kua whakamanahia e te tikanga whakatau o te 19277.1 i raro i ngā tikanga whakawairakau ahumahi, ka taea e ia te pirau neke atu i te 90% i roto i ngā marama e 6, ā, ka noho hei wai kore-paitini, hauhā waro me ētahi atu hua i muri i te pirau. -
Kei te piki tonu te nui o ngā kaweake PVC a Haina i te haurua tuatahi o te tau.
E ai ki ngā tatauranga hou a te tari taake, i te marama o Hune 2022, ko te nui o te paura parakore PVC i kawemaihia e tōku whenua he 29,900 tana, he pikinga 35.47% mai i te marama o mua, ā, he pikinga tau-ki-te-tau he 23.21%; i te marama o Hune 2022, ko te nui o te paura parakore PVC i kaweakehia e tōku whenua he 223,500 tana, ko te hekenga marama-ki-te-marama he 16%, ā, ko te pikinga tau-ki-te-tau he 72.50%. I mau tonu te nui o te kaweake i te taumata teitei, ā, i whakaiti i te nui o te tuku i roto i te mākete o roto ki tētahi taumata. -
He aha te Polypropylene (PP)?
He matū wera pakari, pakari, me te tioata te polypropylene (PP). He mea hanga mai i te monomer propene (propylene rānei). Ko tēnei kapia hauwaiwai rārangi te polymer māmā rawa atu i roto i ngā kirihou taonga katoa. Ka puta mai te PP hei homopolymer, hei copolymer rānei, ā, ka taea te whakanui ake mā te whakamahi i ngā tāpiringa. Ka kitea te whakamahinga i roto i ngā takai, ngā motuka, ngā taonga kaihoko, ngā kiriata whakarewa, me ētahi atu. Kua noho te PP hei rauemi whiriwhiri, inā koa kei te rapu koe i tētahi polymer he kaha ake (hei tauira, vs Polyamide) i roto i ngā tono hangarau, kei te rapu noa rānei koe i te painga utu i roto i ngā pounamu pupuhi (vs. PET).